• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An edible high-protein flour is produced by an improved process. Cottonseed meats are dried, and then comminuted in a combination of mills having certain specifications which prevent rupturing the pigment glands of the cottonseed. Recycling of partially ground meats is practiced. This improvement is correlated with liquid cyclone separation followed by oil and solids recovery steps, thus comprising an improved process which consistently yields an edible cottonseed protein concentrate and high grade cottonseed oil.
    公开号:SU828946A3
    申请号:SU772522501
    申请日:1977-09-08
    公开日:1981-05-07
    发明作者:А.Гастрок Эдуард
    申请人:Gastrok Eduard A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    one
    The invention relates to the food industry, in particular, to methods for processing vegetable raw materials, and more specifically, to methods for processing cotton seeds to obtain protein and gossypol flour. Protein flour is used as a dietary product in the human diet. Gossypol, a specific pigment of chloric seeds, is contained in the latter in the form of pigment glands and, when peeling seeds, almost completely turns into a draw. In the usual technology of grain processing, for example, by heating, moistening, etc., the glands are destroyed, GOSSIPOL is released and, due to its high reactivity, interacts with core materials to form difficult-to-output compounds.
    Most gossypol. combines with lysine, one of the axial amino acids found in cotton seeds, with the result that it loses its nutritional value. The cake or flour produced as a by-product in the production of cottonseed oil is used for livestock feed. Flour used in human nutrition can be obtained only from specially selected first-class whole seeds with low gossypol content. Nevertheless, it contains a lot of gossypol, is distinguished by dark color and low quality of protein. From existing methods of obtaining
    Food protein flour is the closest to the invention. It is a method of processing cotton seeds with obtaining protein flour and gossypolovo flour by means of husked seeds to a moisture content of 1.5 to
    2.5%, grinding in two stages, before the second of which the seeds are mixed with a solvent, and the undersized particles are returned to the second stage, at least three times separating the suspension in cyclones and the substance of the obtained fractions 1.
    Protein flour produced by this method is free of gossypol and gossypol-like compounds. However, suspension
    It passes through each cyclone only once, without recycling, which reduces the yield of protein flour. In addition, when the suspension process is slowed down or stopped, the suspension is compressed and settled, contaminating and clogging.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the yield of protein flour.
    To this end, the separation of the suspension in cyclones is carried out so that from each cyclone the lower phase is sent to the next nicoton, and the upper phase is returned, and, from one of the previous phases, the suspension entering the separation, which is further diluted with a solvent, is also diluted In this case, the upper phase from the first cyclone is used as a fraction for obtaining protein flour, the lower phase from the last cyclone is used as a fraction for obtaining gossypolovo flour, and the selection of insufficiently ground particles is carried out by sifting audio the lower phase from the first cyclone. The fraction going into the production of protein flour is advisable to be washed with a solvent before the substance, and after washing with the latter, to be used to dilute the suspension.
    The drawing is a technological scheme for the processing of cotton seeds.
    The method is as follows.
    The shelled kernels of cotton seeds to prevent or minimize the destruction of the pigment glands are pre-dried to a temperature of 1.5-2.5% UHF temperature not exceeding 82 ° C. With a high level of moisture content, the pigment iron is destroyed, and drying, on the contrary, leads to their strengthening, facilitating their separation and release of the parts of the core containing squirrels.
    A very important stage is the grinding of these seeds. With inadequate grinding, the yield of protein flour will be low, and even intensive grinding can destroy pigment glands, and this will reduce the efficiency of their further isolation.
    The desired degree of grinding can be achieved, for example, in a device containing two rotating in opposite directions with a different speed of a disk with pins that are engaged. It is necessary to prevent the crushed material from sticking to the walls of the device, leading to its accumulation and to the reduction of the glands.
    Preferably, the seeds contain potassium less than 1% of the crackle, but not more than 3%. The greater this percentage, the more powerful the power required for grinding, the greater the wall of destruction of the glands and the less protein in the resulting flour. Excessive geyermable heat is also harmful. After the first grinding stage, the material needs to be cooled and approximately to 49 ° C. Then it is mixed with a solvent, which is mainly used as P-hexane, to obtain a suspension containing 40-60%, preferably 50%, of the solid phase. It is advisable to treat non-extracted seeds (although it is possible to partially or completely skim) and the oil content in the grinding stages should be kept high. The second grinding can be done
    in a mill mill or some other device.
    The slurry exiting after the second grinding stage is diluted with a solvent or upper phase from the second cyclone under constant displacement to keep the particles in suspension and transferred to the first liquid cycloi for separation. It is advisable
    use a three-inch cyclone (for maximum internal size), working; ny prp pressure 2.5-3.2 kg / cm. The lower end of the lower end or “the top of the cyclone goes out;
    top The lower phase is 10-50% of total susnensin and contains 30-45% solids.
    The upper phase is 50-90% of the volume of the suspension and contains 10-50%
    particulate matter. The weight ratio of the upper phase to the lower is determined as an index divided by and constitutes a predeterminer (1-9): 1. The content of solid particles in both phases is regulated by this
    relation and depends on their content in the initial version and degree of grinding of the material.
    The separation in the cyclone occurs due to the tangential supply of the suspension and the emerging centrifugal forces, which are approximately 5000 times higher than the force of gravity, depending on the pressure and the speed of the suspension. Under the action of centrifugal forces, more heavy and
    comic particles with a lower ratio of surface area and mass, i.e., ovoid pigment glands, scraps of husk and large core particles (less than 80 msg), change to the side wall
    cycloia and constitute the lower phase. Smaller particles, practically free from pigment glands and having a lower limit weight and a lower sedimentation rate due to a relatively high ratio of surface area to mass, move in the direction of the shchklon walls much slower, rise up and exit as the upper phase. You can use for separation.
    cyclones and other than the size of the cossay, size, as well as several cyclones, which are connected in parallel.
    The lower phase of the A3 nsrnogo cycloia is diluted with the upper phase of the third cyclone, and a zero point suspension is scooped on the belt with an orifice size of about 80 mesh, on which insufficiently crushed particles are separated. The size of the holes of the sieve) 5Selected with the fact that
    99.7 weight. 7o of pigment glands pass through them. Odiako, taking into account that in cotton of different varieties the size of the pieces of iron can be different, you can choose other sizes of sieve holes to get the same percentage of ironed pieces of iron.
    Dilution of the sieved suspension is due to the fact that the pigment glands do not break when passing through a sieve only in the presence of moisture (with a solvent). If the processes that precede the first separation, in particular the grinding of seeds, are carried out correctly, homogeneous, finely divided protein particles can be easily isolated in the upper phase of the first cyclone, which is the final product of seed processing, after concentrating, filtering, washing with hexane to remove oil, solvent stripping, cooling and packaging. It is desirable to use a vacuum drum filter, after which a wet material is obtained in the form of cake pellets, containing 35-40% of solvent. After washing with hexane, the oil content in the cake decreases to a level below 1% with a ratio of solvent to oil cake, equal to moisture,% up to 3.7
    Protein (azH6,25) MFB% 65 or more
    Nitrogen,% 10.4 or more. Solubility of nitrogen (in 0.02 and up to 99
    NaOH),%
    Gossypol content,% Up to 0.018
    Including free gossypolTo 0.04
    Lipids,% Up to 1.0
    Crude fiber,% 2.4
    Ash,% 7.54
    E. A. F. Lysin (g / 16 g. N) Up to 3.94
    Hexane residue, h / mn
    The lower phase from each cyclone enters the next and, as it progresses, contains less and less refined flour.
    The percentage of oil content is also gradually decreasing, so that, eventually, the bottom phase of the last, third cyclone deactivates B horizontal filter-sump, dried cake from the filter requires either a small amount of hexane or does not require it at all.
    In the cyclone line, there is also a counter-flow of materials - fine grinding flour and oil, which are contained in the upper phases and move from the third cyclone to the second and the first with recycling. The following is achieved:
    1. A gradual increase in the content of finely ground flour and, consequently, protein in the upper stream.
    2. Due to constant dilution, reduction of oil content in the stream.
    3. Reduction or complete elimination of the need to rinse the meal in the sump filter.
    nome (1.75-1): I. To avoid cracking the cake pellets, the raw stock suspension can be used for washing. After washing the cake contains 60-65% solvent.
    Before vacuum filtration tse. concentrate the suspension in a forest-like manner, for which a falling film evaporator is suitable.
    The solvent is removed using a commonly used equipment for this purpose, and the temperature should be raised to 93 ° C in order to destroy the bacteria.
    The cake is then crushed in a rod mill to a fine flour state and packaged. The resulting food product contains protein in the order of 65% and higher and free gossypol in the order of 0.045% or
    .less.
    The composition of protein flour is given below (according to the analysis);
    After removing the solvent in a toaster, from the cake, a product with a high gossypol content is obtained, which can be stored and pressed into briquettes.
    To dilute the material before the second grinding stage together with hexane, it is advisable to use a washing solution of the protein fraction from a vacuum drum filter and a mother liquor, as well as a washing liquid from a filter-settler. The same mixture can be used to dilute the suspension in those parts of the process where it is needed.
    The mother liquor from the vacuum filter contains all the oil leaving the proziecca; oil is separated from it, and hexes are returned to the process.
    The section can be performed on four or more cyclones, if appropriate, and also use two NLPs more linearly, connected in parallel.
    The method allows to obtain a high protein food product. In addition, the process can be stopped adjusted without caking and settling the suspension, contaminating or blocking the equipment.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. A method of processing cotton seeds to produce protein flour and gossypol flour by drying the husked seeds to a moisture content of 1.5-2.5%, grinding in two stages, before the second of which the seeds are mixed with a solvent, and the undersized particles are returned to the second stage, at least three times separating the suspension in cyclones and drying the obtained fractions, is different in that in order to increase the yield of protein flour, the separation of the suspension in cyclones is carried out so that from each cyclone the lower phase is directed to the next cycle op, and the top return to one of the previous ones, thus diluting the suspension entering the separation, which
    it is also diluted with a solvent; in this case, the upper phase from the yervy cyclone is used as a fraction for obtaining protein flour, the lower phase from the last cyclone is used as a fraction for obtaining gossypolian flour, and the selection of insufficiently ground particles is carried out by sieving the lower phase from the first cyclone.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fraction going to obtain protein flour is washed with a solvent before drying, and after washing it is used to dilute the suspension.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent M 3615657, cl. 99-17, full face 1971.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    US4171383A|1979-10-16|Wet milling process for refining whole wheat
    US3816389A|1974-06-11|Process for treatment of oil-containing seeds
    US4310468A|1982-01-12|Extraction of oil from vegetable materials
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    US3542559A|1970-11-24|Preparation of high-protein products from safflower
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IL51135A|1979-10-31|
    GB1549089A|1979-08-01|
    FR2381475A1|1978-09-22|
    JPS5334937A|1978-03-31|
    EG13163A|1980-12-31|
    TR20112A|1980-08-07|
    IL51135D0|1977-02-28|
    US4139646A|1979-02-13|
    GR66045B|1981-01-14|
    FR2381475B3|1980-06-20|
    引用文献:
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    WO2005092113A1|2004-03-25|2005-10-06|Andrey Borisovich Petrov|Method of removing hulls from sunflower meal/cake and system for its implementation|US3615657A|1968-09-13|1971-10-26|Edward A Gastrock|Process for producing cottonseed protein concentrate|US5035910A|1990-02-14|1991-07-30|Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Agricuture|Separation of oilseed components in solvent phase|
    US5112637A|1990-11-05|1992-05-12|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture|Extraction of gossypol from cottonseed|
    US6797306B2|1999-03-18|2004-09-28|Schreiber Foods, Inc.|Roller manifold for forming a continuous sheet of viscous material|
    AU2001100140B4|2001-07-09|2002-05-16|Gts Invest|Cottenseed feeder|
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    CA2640514A1|2008-09-18|2010-03-18|Kyle Alan Bruggencate|Method and apparatus for processing an ore feed|
    CA2812116C|2009-07-24|2013-12-24|Suncor Energy Inc.|Screening disk, roller, and roller screen for screening an ore feed|
    CA2689021C|2009-12-23|2015-03-03|Thomas Charles Hann|Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/721,203|US4139646A|1976-09-08|1976-09-08|Process for treating cottonseed meats|
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